Key skills include importing and exporting data files and creating alternative forms of graphics.
#SALES AND EXPENSE BAR GRAPH MANUAL#
Those that do not should plan to spend a few hours with a detailed user's manual or enroll in an advanced course for spreadsheet users that addresses graphics. Since spreadsheet packages tend to be "data friendly," that is, they allow for relatively easy import and export of data, almost any firm or department can prepare cost-effective graphics without purchasing additional software.Īn advanced user of a spreadsheet package will probably already know something about graphics.
#SALES AND EXPENSE BAR GRAPH SOFTWARE#
While some graphics-specific software packages exist (e.g., Freelance Graphics and Harvard Graphics), most CPA firms and many accounting departments may only have access to a basic spreadsheet package-e.g., Lotus, Excel, or Quattro Pro. For example, QuickBooks, Peachtree, Computer Solutions, and CPA Analyst include graphing under most report options. Nevertheless, many general ledger and several write-up packages maintain graphics capabilities. Today's accounting software is as varied as the businesses it serves. While public companies and large accounting firms are likely to rely on specialized expertise in preparing publication-quality graphics for the annual report, many CPAs are likely to utilize in-house computer and staff resources to prepare presentations and write-ups. Sloppy graphics, however, may further confuse a user already inundated with information.
Prepared properly, graphics highlight trends and focus on what the preparer wants the reader to learn from the financials.
No matter who the user is, graphics are useful for summarizing key financial (e.g., sales, net income) and nonfinancial (e.g., employee turnover, numbers of accidents) information. Graphics may serve to break through the barriers created by jargon and rigid financial statement formats, enabling more effective communication between CPAs and non-CPAs. CPAs typically prepare financial statements in accordance with GAAP using formats and terminology commonly known only to those with business and financial training. Graphics are especially helpful for the preparation and interpretation of summary financial data. More recently, graphic researchers have begun measuring graph discrepancy (to assess the magnitude of potentially misleading graphs) and the impact of pictures and graphs on decision making. As early as the 1920s, authors began analyzing graphics and their usefulness in summarizing scientific data. Many studies, from ad hoc to academic, have surveyed the use of graphics in communicating information.
The authors have prepared several examples of poor graphics that have been redone to more effectively communicate the data.ĭo you like the look of fancy financial presentations but think they are just for Fortune 500 reports? How can you utilize the software and talent you already have to create impressive visuals for that next monthly write-up, board meeting, or client presentation? Are you wondering where to begin? If any of these questions spark your interest, we have the answers. The Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants has constructed the following basic guidelines for preparation of financial graphics: While some graphics-specific software packages exist, any spreadsheet package will enable a firm to produce cost-effective graphics. Prepared properly, they serve to highlight trends and focus the reader on important information. Principles to make your presentations more effective
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